The latest medical research on Neurosurgery
The research magnet gathers the latest research from around the web, based on your specialty area. Below you will find a sample of some of the most recent articles from reputable medical journals about neurosurgery gathered by our medical AI research bot.
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Request AccessPreceptorship in robotic colorectal surgery: experience from the Australian private sector.
Journal of Robotic SurgeryThis article describes a post-fellowship preceptorship training program to train sub-specialty colorectal surgeons in gaining proficiency in roboti...
Cognitive rehabilitation effects on grey matter volume and Go-NoGo activity in progressive multiple sclerosis: results from the CogEx trial.
Neurology, Neurosurgery and PsychiatryNCT03679468.
Participants were randomised to: 'CR plus EX', 'CR plus sham EX (EX-S)', 'EX plus sham CR (CR-S)' and 'CR-S plus EX-S' and attended 12-week intervention. All subjects performed physical/cognitive assessments at baseline, week 12 and 6 months post intervention (month 9). All MRI substudy participants underwent volumetric MRI and fMRI (Go-NoGo task).
104 PMS enrolled at four sites participated in the CogEx MRI substudy; 84 (81%) had valid volumetric MRI and valid fMRI. Week 12/month 9 cognitive performances did not differ among interventions; however, 25-62% of the patients showed Symbol Digit Modalities Test improvements. Normalised cortical grey matter volume (NcGMV) changes at week 12 versus baseline were heterogeneous among interventions (p=0.05); this was mainly driven by increased NcGMV in 'CR plus EX-S' (p=0.02). Groups performing CR (ie, 'CR plus EX' and 'CR plus EX-S') exhibited increased NcGMV over time, especially in the frontal (p=0.01), parietal (p=0.04) and temporal (p=0.04) lobes, while those performing CR-S exhibited NcGMV decrease (p=0.008). In CR groups, increased NcGMV (r=0.36, p=0.01) at week 12 versus baseline correlated with increased California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT)-II scores. 'CR plus EX-S' patients exhibited Go-NoGo activity increase (p<0.05, corrected) at week 12 versus baseline in bilateral insula.
In PMS, CR modulated grey matter (GM) volume and insular activity. The association of GM and CVLT-II changes suggests GM plasticity contributes to cognitive improvements.
Robotic assisted versus laparoscopic surgery for deep endometriosis: a meta-analysis of current evidence.
Journal of Robotic SurgeryEndometriosis is a benign inflammatory onco-mimetic disease affecting 10-15% of women in the world. When it is refractory to medical treatments, su...
Association of Collagen Changes in Distal Anastomotic Margin and Anastomotic Stenosis after Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer.
Journal of theNeoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(nCRT) for rectal cancer can lead to structural changes in collagen in the tumor microenvironment and increase the risk of postoperative anastomotic stenosis (AS). However, the quantitative relationship between AS and collagen has not been defined. This study is to quantitatively analyze the collagen features in rectal cancer and explore the relationship between the changes of collagen and postoperative anastomotic stenosis after nCRT.
This study is a retrospective study. A total of 371 patients with rectal cancer were included. Collagen features in the resection margin of rectal cancer anastomosis was extracted by multi-photon imaging. LASSO-logistic regression was performed to select features related to AS and the collagen score (CS) was constructed. Area under the receiver operating curve (AUROC) and decision curve analysis was performed to evaluate the discrimination and clinical benefit of the nomogram.
The probability of AS was 23% in the training cohort and 15.9% in the validation cohort. In the training cohort, the distance between tumor and resection margin, anastomotic leakage and CS were independent risk factors for postoperative AS in univariate and multivariate analyses. A nomogram was constructed based on the above results. The prediction nomogram showed good discrimination (AUROC, 0.864;95% CI, 0.776 to 0.952) and was validated in the validation cohort (AUROC, 0.918;95% CI, 0.851 to 0.985).
CS is an independent risk factor for AS in rectal cancer after nCRT. The predictive model based on CS can predict the occurrence of postoperative AS.
Lack of Concordance Between Abbreviated Injury Scale and American Association for the Surgery of Trauma Organ Injury Scale in Patients with High-Grade Solid Organ Injury.
Journal of theThe Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is widely utilized for body region-specific injury severity. The AAST-Organ Injury Scale (AAST-OIS) provides organ-specific injury severity but is not included in trauma databases. Previous researchers have used AIS as a surrogate for OIS. This study aims to assess AIS-abdomen concordance with AAST-OIS grade for liver and spleen injuries, hypothesizing concordance in terms of severity (grade of OIS and AIS) and patient outcomes.
This retrospective study (7/2020-6/2022) was performed at three trauma centers. Adult trauma patients with AAST-OIS grade III-V liver and/or spleen injury were included. AAST-OIS grade for each organ was compared to AIS-abdomen by evaluating the percentage of AAST-OIS grade correlating with each AIS score as well as rates of operative intervention for these injuries. Analysis was performed with Chi-square tests and univariate analysis.
Of 472 patients, 274 had liver injuries and 205 had spleen injuries grades III-V. AAST-OIS grade III-V liver injuries had concordances rates of 85.5%, 71% and 90.9% with corresponding AIS 3-5 scores. AAST-OIS grade III-V spleen injuries had concordances rates of 89.7%, 87.8% and 87.3%. There was a statistical lack of concordance for both liver and spleen injuries (both p<0.001). Additionally, there were higher rates of operative intervention for AAST-OIS grade IV and V liver injuries and grade III and V spleen injuries versus corresponding AIS scores (p<0.05).
AIS should not be used interchangeably with OIS due to lack of concordance. AAST-OIS should be included in trauma databases to facilitate improved organ injury research and quality improvement projects.
Resistance, rebound, and recurrence regrowth patterns in pediatric low-grade glioma treated by MAPK inhibition: A modified Delphi approach to build international consensus-based definitions-International Pediatric Low-Grade Glioma Coalition.
Neuro-OncologyPediatric low-grade glioma (pLGG) is the most common childhood brain tumor group. The natural history, when curative resection is not possible, is ...
Role of miRNAs in neurovascular injury and repair.
J Cereb BloodMicroRNAs (miRNA) are endogenously produced small, non-coded, single-stranded RNAs. Due to their involvement in various cellular processes and cros...
Robotic versus laparoscopic anterior resection for the treatment of stage II and III sigmoid colon cancer: a propensity score-matched analysis.
Journal of Robotic SurgeryRobot-assisted laparoscopic anterior resection is a novel technique. However, evidence in the literature regarding the advantages of robot-assisted...
The impact of resident training on robotic operative times: is there a July Effect?
Journal of Robotic SurgeryIt is unknown whether the July Effect (a theory that medical errors and organizational inefficiencies increase during the influx of new surgical re...
Effectiveness and safety of SR-ENS-600endoscopic surgical system in benign and malignant gynecological diseases: a prospective, multicenter, clinical trial with 63 cases.
Journal of Robotic SurgerySingle-port laparoscopy has gained more attention, but inherent technical challenges hinder its wider use. To overcome the disadvantage of traditio...
Residents underestimate their robotic performance: evaluating resident robotic console participation time.
Journal of Robotic SurgeryLack of formal national robotic curriculum results in a void of knowledge regarding appropriate progression of autonomy in robotic general surgery ...
SMYD2 induced PGC1α methylation promotes stemness maintenance of glioblastoma stem cells.
Neuro-OncologyThe high fatality rate of glioblastoma (GBM) is attributed to glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs), which exhibit heterogeneity and therapeutic resistance. Metabolic plasticity of mitochondria is the hallmark of GSCs. Targeting mitochondrial biogenesis of GSCs is crucial for improving clinical prognosis in GBM patients.
SMYD2-induced PGC1α methylation and followed nuclear export is confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation, cellular fractionation, and immunofluorescence. The effects of SMYD2/PGC1α/CRM1 axis on GSCs mitochondrial biogenesis is validated by OCR, ECAR and intracranial glioma model.
PGC1α methylation causes disabled mitochondrial function to maintain the stemness, thereby enhancing radio-resistance of GSCs. SMYD2 drives PGC1α K224 methylation (K224me), which is essential for promoting the stem-like characteristics of GSCs. PGC1α K224me is preferred binding with CRM1, accelerating PGC1α nuclear export and subsequent dysfunction. Targeting PGC1α methylation exhibits significant radiotherapeutic efficacy and prolongs patient survival.
These findings unveil a novel regulatory pathway involving mitochondria that governs stemness in GSCs, thereby emphasizing promising therapeutic strategies targeting PGC1α and mitochondria for the treatment of GBM.
