The latest medical research on Cosmetic Medicine
The research magnet gathers the latest research from around the web, based on your specialty area. Below you will find a sample of some of the most recent articles from reputable medical journals about cosmetic medicine gathered by our medical AI research bot.
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Request AccessComparison of Fat Transfer Combined with Plasma Energy and Only Fat Transfer Methods for Genital Rejuvenation.
Aesthetic Plastic SurgeryTo compare the fat transfer combined with plasma energy and only fat transfer methods for genital rejuvenation and to investigate the efficacy enhancing properties of plasma energy.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
The mean age of all participants was 32.8 ± 5.1 years, and the mean body mass index (BMI) was 24.7 ± 3.4 kg/m2. The mean preoperative FGSIS scores were similar between the groups (p = 0.542). The mean total FGSIS score was 18.8 ± 1.4 in the group A and 18.3 ± 1.5 in the group B in the preoperative period. However, the mean FGSIS scores at 1, 3, and 6 months were significantly higher in the group B than the group A (p = 0.032, p = 0.012, and p = 0.009, respectively). At 6 months of follow-up, the mean total FGSIS score was 20.7 ± 1.4 in the group A and 22.3 ± 1.5 in the group B, indicating a statistically significant difference (p = 0.028).
This novel technique is a more minimally invasive technique compared to other energy modalities with lower lateral and vertical energy dissipation than other conventional methods, and labia majora fat filling augmentation application can be performed with more permanent and longer-lasting outcomes than fat transfer only.
Static and Dynamic Filler-Associated Tear Trough Deformities: Manifestations and Treatment Algorithm.
Aesthetic Plastic SurgeryFillers are popular substances for the correction of tear trough deformity. Despite well-documented complications increasing gradually, standardized treatment algorithm for deformity secondary to improper injection is still limited.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
In total, the study included 3 patients with simple static deformities, 1 patient with simple dynamic, and 18 patients with both. Fourteen patients underwent transconjunctival surgery and 8 patients underwent transcutaneous surgery, among which 18 patients underwent hyaluronidase dissolution and 8 patients underwent MRI prior to surgery. A total of 4 patients with self-limited complications recovered after conservative treatment. 90.9% of patients expressed satisfaction or high satisfaction with the treatment results.
Filler-associated tear trough deformities could be classified into static and dynamic deformities, which could appear separately or simultaneously. Treatment of deformities should be based on characteristics of fillers, in which MRI could serve as a promising tool.
Thin-Film Buckling Theory and Clinical Application of the Mechanism of Double Eyelid Formation.
Aesthetic Plastic SurgeryThe mechanism underlying the formation of upper eyelid creases has been the subject of extensive study and ongoing debate. This research aims to elucidate the principles of upper eyelid creases formation, leveraging the membrane bending theory from engineering mechanics.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
The study reveals that natural upper eyelid crease formation is influenced by multiple factors. These include the softer texture of the upper eyelid skin and the suborbicularis oculi fat, reduced rigidity at the eyelid crease, optimal contraction force of the upper eyelid, and the strategic placement of the pre-tarsal fat pad just above the eyelid crease.
Ultimately, our findings demonstrate the effectiveness of finite element analysis, grounded in membrane bending theory, in elucidating the dynamics of upper eyelid crease formation.
A prospective and randomized study comparing ultrasound-guided real time injection to conventional blind injection of botulinum neurotoxin for glabellar wrinkles.
J Cosmet DermatolBotulinum neurotoxin injections are the most frequently performed cosmetic procedures, but conventional blind injection for glabellar wrinkles remains to have some limitations.
We intend to directly inject botulinum neurotoxin into the glabella complex guided by real time ultrasound. We aim to propose a more efficient and safer botulinum neurotoxin injection strategy for glabellar wrinkles.
A total of 40 subjects with moderate to severe glabellar lines were enrolled in this study to receive botulinum neurotoxin injection, either through ultrasound-guided real time injection or conventional blind injection. Facial Wrinkle Scale (ranging from 0 = none to 3 = severe) and inter-brow distance (from 3D scanned face images) were used to evaluate the glabellar wrinkles improvement. Paired t test and two-sample t test were performed to analyze the within-group and between-group differences.
The wrinkle score reduction was significant (p < 0.0001) immediately after the injection in ultrasound-guided injection group, but not in blind injection group (p = 0.163). Ultrasound-guided injection also showed a higher performance of wrinkle score reduction and more effective inter-brow distance increase over blind injection at Day 0 (p < 0.0001), Day 1 (p < 0.0001), Day 21 (p < 0.01) and Day 35 (p < 0.01) after initial treatment.
The results of the study confirmed that botulinum neurotoxin injection for glabellar wrinkles under ultrasound guidance achieves quicker onset of action and better final outcomes compared to conventional blind injection.
The impact of monotherapies for male androgenetic alopecia: A network meta-analysis study.
J Cosmet DermatolThe evidence base pertaining to the efficacy of monotherapies for androgenetic alopecia (AGA), the most common form of hair loss, is ever expanding-and this warrants a formal comparison therapies' effect on a frequent basis.
The objective of the current study was to determine the comparative effect of relevant monotherapies for male AGA.
Our aim was achieved by conducting Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA), under a random effects model, for two outcomes: 6-month change in (1) total and (2) terminal hair density in adult (i.e., aged 18 years and above) men with AGA; these analyses were preceded by a systematic search of the peer-reviewed literature for suitable data. Interventions' surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) and pairwise relative effects (quantified as mean differences) were estimated through the NMAs.
We determined the comparative effect of 20 active comparators and a control (i.e., placebo/vehicle). "Dutasteride 0.5 mg once daily for 24 weeks" was ranked the most effective in terms of 6-month change in (1) total hair density (SUCRA = 87%) and terminal hair density (SUCRA = 98%). Our results showed that interventions' effectiveness can be dose dependent.
Our updated analyses of the up-to-date evidence regarding monotherapies for male AGA showed that the oral form of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors are more effective than oral minoxidil and other newer agents like Botox, microneedling, and photobiomodulation. Our findings can better inform clinical decision making and design of future research studies.
Oncologic Outcomes for Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ With a Clinically Resolved Biopsy Site Managed by Watchful Waiting.
Dermatol SurgTreatment option decisions for low-risk squamous cell carcinoma in situ (SCCIS) are hampered by a paucity of management-type-specific outcomes data.
Describe SCCIS tumor outcomes managed by watchful waiting and risk factors associated with poor cancer outcomes.
Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Single academic hospital in a rural setting. Patients: Adults with SCCIS diagnosed between January 01, 2014, and December 31, 2016. Main Outcomes and Measures: Hazard ratios (HRs) for local recurrence (LR), nodal metastases (NM), distant metastases (DM), and disease-specific death (DSD).
A total of 411 consecutive SCCIS tumors that were considered clinically resolved at follow-up and managed with watchful waiting were included. Seventeen tumors recurred locally. No instances of NM, DM, or DSD were identified. Multivariate analysis found that solid-organ transplant recipient status conferred the highest risk of local recurrence [HR, 9.979 (95% CI, 2.249-39.69)]. Additional risk factors predicting LR include anatomic location on the vermilion lip or ear [HR, 9.744 (95% CI, 1.420-69.28)], anatomic location on the head and neck [HR, 6.687 (95% CI, 1.583-36.15)], and a biopsy with tumor extending to the deep edge [HR, 6.562 (95% CI, 1.367-39.04)].
Watchful waiting for SCCIS with a clinically resolved biopsy site has a local recurrence rate of 4%.
Comparing the Use of 80% Trichloroacetic Acid and 50% Trichloroacetic Acid for the Treatment of Ice Pick Acne Scars.
Dermatol SurgChemical reconstruction of skin scars (CROSS) using high concentration trichloroacetic acid (TCA) is a safe, effective, and low-cost treatment for ice pick acne scars.
To compare the efficacy and effectiveness of the CROSS technique using 50% TCA and 80% TCA for treating ice pick scars.
A nonrandomized, single-blinded, and self-controlled clinical trial was undertaken. Four CROSS sessions were conducted using 50% TCA on the left hemiface and 80% TCA on the right hemiface. The E' chelle d'Evaluation Clinique des Cicatrices d'Acne (ECCA) acne grading scale was used to assess the scars pretreatment and posttreatment. Complications were evaluated after each session.
Thirty-one patients participated in our study. Significant differences were found between pretreatment and posttreatment ECCA scores (p < .0001) on both hemifaces. Scores were significantly lower on the side treated with 80% TCA; however, there was no statistical significance in mean ECCA score differences (pretreatment minus posttreatment) between the 2 treatment sides. The adverse events were more serious on the sides treated with 80% TCA.
The CROSS method using TCA was well-tolerated and effective for treating ice pick acne scars. Less severe complications were associated with 50% TCA, whereas efficacy was the same as 80% TCA.
Growing Adoption of Immunohistochemistry by Mohs Micrographic Surgeons: A National Medicare Trend Analysis.
Dermatol SurgImmunohistochemical (IHC) staining can be used alongside Mohs micrographic surgery to aid in margin assessment of subtle tumors, yet existing estimates of IHC utilization have primarily relied on survey or older data that lacks stratification.
To characterize national IHC utilization trends by Mohs surgeons, stratifying by surgeon characteristics and modeling future adoption.
Longitudinal analysis of 2014 to 2021 Medicare Public Use Files.
In 2021, 158 of 2,058 Mohs surgeons (7.7%) used IHC as compared with 4.0% in 2014 (average annual growth rate [AAGR] +3.6%). Adoption change was highest in the Northeast (AAGR +19.9%), whereas volume growth was greatest in the West (AAGR +25.2%). Multivariable regression revealed significantly greater utilization propensity among Mohs surgeons in academics (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 3.36), American College of Mohs Surgery (ACMS) members (aOR 2.12), and Micrographic Dermatologic Surgery (MDS)-certified surgeons (aOR 1.66).
Mohs surgeons are steadily incorporating IHC into practice across all regions, with volume growth driven by higher adoption rates. Greater utilization among ACMS members, recipients of MDS certification, and those in academics suggests value of formalized training in enhancing comfort. Additional educational opportunities at conferences may aid in recognition of value and help identify solutions to address integration challenges.
Artificial Intelligence in Dermatology: A Systematic Review of Its Applications in Melanoma and Keratinocyte Carcinoma Diagnosis.
Dermatol SurgLimited access to dermatologic care may pose an obstacle to the early detection and intervention of cutaneous malignancies. The role of artificial intelligence (AI) in skin cancer diagnosis may alleviate potential care gaps.
The aim of this systematic review was to offer an in-depth exploration of published AI algorithms trained on dermoscopic and macroscopic clinical images for the diagnosis of melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC).
Adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines, a systematic review was conducted on peer-reviewed articles published between January 1, 2000, and January 26, 2023.
Among the 232 studies in this review, the overall accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of AI for tumor detection averaged 90%, 87%, and 91%, respectively. Model performance improved with time. Despite seemingly impressive performance, the paucity of external validation and limited representation of cSCC and skin of color in the data sets limits the generalizability of the current models. In addition, dermatologists coauthored only 12.9% of all studies included in the review. Moving forward, it is imperative to prioritize robustness in data reporting, inclusivity in data collection, and interdisciplinary collaboration to ensure the development of equitable and effective AI tools.
Understanding the Interplay Between Skin, Fascia, and Muscles of the Midface in Facial Aging.
Aesthetic Plastic SurgerySurgical, minimally-invasive, and non-invasive aesthetic procedures try to ameliorate the signs of facial aging, but also focus on enhancing various individual features of beauty in each patient. Herein, the midface plays a central role due to its location but also its importance for the aesthetic perception and facial expression.
To date, no study has investigated the interplay between facial muscles and its connecting subdermal architecture during facial aging to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the middle face.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable. This excludes review articles, book reviews, and manuscripts that concern Basic Science, Animal Studies, Cadaver Studies, and Experimental Studies. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to authors www.springer.com/00266 .
The results revealed that overall skin firmness increased, and skin elasticity decreased (p < 0.001), sEMG signal of the investigated muscles decreased (p < 0.001), whereas midfacial mobility remained unaltered (p = 0.722).
The results of this study indicate that midfacial aging is a measurable effect when utilizing individual measurement modalities for assessing skin, subdermal fascia, and midfacial muscles. The function of midfacial muscles revealed a potential threshold effect, which is not reached during midfacial aging due to the unchanged soft tissue mobility at older age. However, to understand its clinical presentation all midfacial soft tissues need to be factored in and a holistic picture needs to be created.
The Risk of Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma; A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Aesthetic Plastic SurgeryBreast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is an emerging disorder that has gained global attention throughout the past era. The present meta-analysis was performed to retrieve the risk of BIA-ALCL from population-based epidemiological studies. Factors associated with BIA-ALCL were evaluated to identify patients at higher risk of BIA-ALCL.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
The present meta-analysis included 17 articles, encompassing 525,475 patients with breast implants. There were 254 patients with BIA-ALCL with a mean duration to the diagnosis of BIA-ALCL of 13.16 years (95% CI 11.7-14.6, P < 0.001). There were 44 patients with textured breast implants and two with smooth implants. Patients with breast implants were 28.86 times more at high risk of BI-ALCL (95% CI 3.123-266.681). The risk ranged from 0 to 1 per 1000 cases with breast implants, with a similar risk among patients seeking aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries. The risk was 0 to 1 case per 1000 cases among patients with textured breast implants. There was a significant association between the history of breast cancer and BIA-ALCL (P = 0.0016).
This meta-analysis confirmed the association between breast implants and ALCL. There was a similar risk of BIA-ALCL among patients with aesthetic or reconstructive surgeries. Patients with a history of breast cancer were at higher risk of BIA-ALCL.
A Systematic Review on the Reinforcement Loop in Aesthetic Medicine and Surgery: The Interplay of Social Media, Self-Perception, and Repeat Procedures.
Aesthetic Plastic SurgeryThis systematic review delves into the impact of social media on self-perception and the escalating interest in clinical aesthetic procedures, proposing that social media significantly influences beauty standards and increases demand for aesthetic enhancements.
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
The quantitative analysis demonstrated a strong positive correlation between social media usage and the consideration of aesthetic procedures (r=0.45, p<0.001), indicating a significant impact. Specific findings included a large effect size (Cohen's d=0.8) for the relationship between time spent on social media and the desire for aesthetic enhancements. Individuals spending more than 3 hours per day on social media platforms were twice as likely to consider aesthetic procedures compared to those with less usage, with a 95% confidence interval indicating robustness in these findings.
Confirming the reinforcing effect of social media on aesthetic decision-making, this study highlights the complex interplay between digital media exposure, altered self-perception, and the increased inclination towards aesthetic procedures. It suggests a critical need for practitioners to carefully navigate the digital influence on patient's desires, reinforcing the significance of understanding psychological motivations and societal pressures in clinical aesthetics. This comprehensive analysis offers pivotal insights for clinical practice and ongoing research into social media's role in contemporary beauty standards.
